Dos and Taboos
1. The western manner of greeting is acceptable here, but to show goodwill be sure to smile. Until a familiar relationship is established, address Ghanaians with their title.
2. The oldest persons should be greeted first.
3. Avoid using the left hand for giving or receiving food and gifts. Never wave with the left hand.
4. Remove hats when speaking to the elderly and respected persons.
5. Should you be invited to meet a chief, expect a translator or linguist to mediate the conversation. Guests should never directly speak to the chief.
6. Women should not smoke inside villages.
7. Self-presentation and clothing is considered important in Ghana, so be sure to take care with one's choices in this regard. Note that Ghanaians associate clothing with wealth, so if one is wearing scanty clothing, it is likely that one will be thought of as very poor, regardless of the actuality.
8. If you are going to dine at a Ghanaians house, do not bring gifts for the host or hostess. Send a thank you note or gifts a few days latter. A great way to show appreciation is to compliment the food and stay after dinner to converse with the host and guests.
Business Culture: Information for Business Travelers
Generally, Ghanaian business customs are similar to those of the West. English is the official language and is used in most business transactions. Most urban Ghanaians speak some English. The majority of Ghanaian businessmen wear business suits during working hours. Traditional attire is after work for social functions. A few men may be found in traditional attire during business hours. Many businesswomen often wear African attire during business hours and for social functions as well. Lightweight summer clothing is appropriate year round and the use of an umbrella is essential during the June to August rainy season, although Accra gets less rain than many parts of the country.
Businesses have reported being asked for "favors" in the past. It is easy to make friends in Ghana who can facilitate business transactions. In return, these friends may ask for favors, some of which may conflict with other foreign business ethics or laws. Visiting business visitors should make clear that companies operating abroad are subject to the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977.
With the exception of high-ranking officials such as government ministers, it is relatively easy to arrange calls on local businessmen and government officials. Through its Gold Key Service the Commercial Service can arrange appointments upon request.
Business cards are widely used in Ghana, so be sure to have an adequate supply. They range from the simple black and white, standard 2" x 3.5" cards, to colorful, oversized, multi-colored cards with fancy logos. It is a common practice to give a business card to most everyone you meet in a business setting, so bring plenty of them.
Sources:
United States Department of State Commercial Guides